78582 — Nuclear medicine study of lung ventilation and circulation
11,784 observed fee-for-service (49%) · ~12,037 estimated Medicare Advantage. Scaled from the observed floor by each state’s fee-for-service share (FFS share as of 2024) — scaled estimate — assumes MA utilization mirrors FFS; not an observation. How we scale
Disclosed Medicare fee-for-service services by billing state; open a bar for that state's ranked market. Average submitted charge / service by billing state, among the highest-volume states; open a bar for that state's ranked market.
- Market position — where this market sits on volume and growth among all state markets, and its rank.
- Worth a look — every state market for this search, ranked by a published score: size, growth, fragmentation, below-expected volume.
- Lookalike opportunities — groups billing below what peers of the same specialty, size, and state predict, with the expected figure shown.
- National benchmarks — where each group's volume sits nationally and within its specialty.
- Market structure — how concentrated this market is, and who owns the volume.
- Medicare-wide scaling — the exact payer split, and this market total scaled to all of Medicare, labeled as an estimate.
Nevvi's market analytics platform — code baskets, market structure and share, the twelve-year trend layer — is built and not launched yet. We're gathering interest in it.
Notify me at launch →| # | Physician group | City | St | Specialty | Providers | 78582 svcs | Submitted charges | Avg charge | Medicare $ locked column | Share* | Phone |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SUTTER VALLEY MEDICAL FOUNDATION | SACRAMENTO | CA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 2420 | 360 | $99,000 | $275 | premium | 10.1% | (916) 681-8852 |
| 2 | UT PHYSICIANS | HOUSTON | TX | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 1758 | 327 | $94,918 | $290 | premium | 17.6% | (713) 566-5000 |
| 3 | MEDSTAR MEDICAL GROUP II LLC | WASHINGTON | MD | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 3707 | 280 | $41,480 | $148 | premium | 16.2% | (202) 429-2401 |
| 4 | MAYO CLINIC ARIZONA | PHOENIX | AZ | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 1635 | 246 | $316,300 | $1,286 | premium | 31.6% | (800) 603-0558 |
| 5 | MORI BEAN AND BROOKS INC | ORANGE PARK | FL | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 947 | 231 | $73,510 | $318 | premium | 7.5% | (904) 399-5550 |
| 6 | HOUSTON RADIOLOGY ASSOCIATED | HOUSTON | TX | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 103 | 225 | $73,995 | $329 | premium | 12.1% | (281) 206-9020 |
| 7 | MEDSTAR MEDICAL GROUP II LLC | WASHINGTON | DC | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 3707 | 206 | $33,784 | $164 | premium | 61.9% | (202) 429-2401 |
| 8 | DIGNITY HEALTH MEDICAL FOUNDATION | FOLSOM | CA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 1197 | 204 | $46,699 | $229 | premium | 5.7% | (916) 983-7476 |
| 9 | RADIOLOGY ASSOCIATES OF NORTH TEXAS PA | FORT WORTH | TX | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 340 | 200 | $41,800 | $209 | premium | 10.8% | (817) 321-0470 |
| 10 | CHARLOTTE RADIOLOGY PA | CHARLOTTE | NC | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 218 | 184 | $71,576 | $389 | premium | 16.4% | (704) 362-1945 |
| 11 | ANCILLARY SERVICES OF PRACTICE ASSOCIATES PA | MORRISTOWN | NJ | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 97 | 181 | $31,494 | $174 | premium | 20.0% | (973) 971-6866 |
| 12 | NEW YORK UNIVERSITY | NEW YORK | NY | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 5704 | 180 | $69,695 | $387 | premium | 9.8% | (212) 263-9700 |
| 13 | NORTH SHORE-LIJ MEDICAL PC | MANHASSET | NY | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 6294 | 160 | $39,672 | $248 | premium | 8.7% | — |
| 14 | MEDICAL CENTER RADIOLOGISTS INC | NORFOLK | VA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 123 | 151 | $24,311 | $161 | premium | 31.8% | (757) 466-6870 |
| 15 | DUKE HEALTH INTEGRATED PRACTICE INC | DURHAM | NC | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 3051 | 147 | $27,930 | $190 | premium | 13.1% | (919) 684-8111 |
| 16 | RADIOLOGY PHYSICIANS INC | DAYTON | OH | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 61 | 130 | $25,740 | $198 | premium | 10.5% | (937) 208-8000 |
| 17 | BEAUMONT MEDICAL GROUP- SPECIALTY SERVICES | ROYAL OAK | MI | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 833 | 125 | $89,270 | $714 | premium | 17.6% | (248) 898-5058 |
| 18 | UNIVERSITY PHYSICIANS INCORPORATED | AURORA | CO | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 3122 | 124 | $26,040 | $210 | premium | 22.2% | (720) 777-1234 |
| 19 | ADVANCED RADIOLOGY SERVICES PC | GRAND RAPIDS | MI | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 249 | 119 | $24,042 | $202 | premium | 16.7% | (616) 363-7272 |
| 20 | ADVANCED RADIOLOGY P A | BALTIMORE | MD | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 161 | 118 | $54,468 | $462 | premium | 6.8% | (888) 972-9700 |
| 21 | CLEVELAND CLINIC HEALTH SERVICES PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION, INC | FRISCO | OR | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 60 | 117 | $40,040 | $342 | premium | 74.1% | (630) 235-2454 |
| 22 | NORTH SHORE-LIJ MEDICAL PC | MANHASSET | CT | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 6294 | 114 | $28,266 | $248 | premium | 32.0% | — |
| 23 | SUBURBAN RADIOLOGISTS, S.C. | HINSDALE | IL | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 22 | 111 | $29,415 | $265 | premium | 6.9% | (630) 856-9000 |
| 24 | MECKLENBURG RADIOLOGY ASSOCIATES PA | CHARLOTTE | NC | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 94 | 110 | $16,500 | $150 | premium | 9.8% | (704) 332-1291 |
| 25 | EVANSVILLE RADIOLOGY PC | EVANSVILLE | IN | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 29 | 110 | $16,390 | $149 | premium | 19.6% | (812) 422-3254 |
| 26 | FLORIDA CLINICAL PRACTICE ASSOCIATION INC | GAINESVILLE | FL | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 1912 | 109 | $30,825 | $283 | premium | 3.6% | (352) 265-8990 |
| 27 | DRS HARRIS BIRKHILL WANG SONGE AND ASSOC PC | DEARBORN | MI | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 62 | 104 | $12,272 | $118 | premium | 14.6% | (313) 593-7301 |
| 28 | STANFORD HEALTH CARE | STANFORD | CA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 3039 | 102 | $52,020 | $510 | premium | 2.9% | (650) 723-4000 |
| 29 | COLUMBUS RADIOLOGY CORP | COLUMBUS | PA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 288 | 98 | $74,774 | $763 | premium | 12.0% | (614) 228-7231 |
| 30 | KETTERING NETWORK RADIOLOGISTS INC | DAYTON | OH | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 74 | 97 | $17,945 | $185 | premium | 7.8% | (937) 558-3800 |
| 31 | CLEVELAND CLINIC FLORIDA | WESTON | FL | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 720 | 89 | $23,970 | $269 | premium | 2.9% | (954) 659-5000 |
| 32 | RWJBH OBSERVATION ASSOCIATES LLC | SOMERVILLE | NJ | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 937 | 87 | $30,699 | $353 | premium | 9.6% | (908) 685-2200 |
| 33 | PROGRESSIVE PHYSICIAN ASSOC INC | PHILLIPSBURG | PA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 160 | 86 | $17,802 | $207 | premium | 10.5% | (908) 859-6700 |
| 34 | FLORIDA HOSPITAL MEDICAL GROUP INC | ORLANDO | FL | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 321 | 86 | $12,900 | $150 | premium | 2.8% | (407) 303-5600 |
| 35 | UMASS MEMORIAL MEDICAL GROUP INC | WORCESTER | MA | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 2483 | 85 | $20,655 | $243 | premium | 13.5% | (508) 334-1000 |
| 36 | KETTERING NETWORK RADIOLOGISTS INC | DAYTON | PA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 74 | 81 | $14,985 | $185 | premium | 9.9% | (937) 558-3800 |
| 37 | MONTEFIORE MEDICAL CENTER | BRONX | NY | PHYSICAL THERAPIST IN PRIVATE PRACTICE | 2796 | 80 | $32,400 | $405 | premium | 4.3% | (866) 633-8255 |
| 38 | MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL PHYSICIANS ORGANIZATION INC | BOSTON | MA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 3532 | 80 | $17,542 | $219 | premium | 12.7% | (617) 724-0287 |
| 39 | SAINT VINCENT RADIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATES INC | WORCESTER | MA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 18 | 79 | $10,033 | $127 | premium | 12.6% | (978) 939-2035 |
| 40 | RADIOLOGY SPECIALISTS LTD MARASSO-MILLER | LAS VEGAS | NV | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 121 | 78 | $59,514 | $763 | premium | 29.0% | (866) 722-1655 |
| 41 | ARKANSAS HEALTH GROUP | LITTLE ROCK | AR | CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETIST (CRNA) | 666 | 77 | $14,866 | $193 | premium | 29.3% | (501) 202-2093 |
| 42 | EASTERN RADIOLOGISTS INC | GREENVILLE | NC | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 93 | 75 | $11,250 | $150 | premium | 6.7% | (252) 752-5000 |
| 43 | MEMORIAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE GROUP | NEW YORK | FL | NUCLEAR MEDICINE | 39 | 74 | $18,237 | $246 | premium | 2.4% | (212) 639-2000 |
| 44 | YALE UNIVERSITY | NEW HAVEN | CT | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 2649 | 74 | $15,910 | $215 | premium | 20.8% | (203) 688-4242 |
| 45 | RADIOLOGY AND MEDICAL IMAGERY OF NEWNAN PC | NEWNAN | GA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 35 | 73 | $46,419 | $636 | premium | 17.9% | (770) 400-1000 |
| 46 | SINAI HOSPITAL OF BALTIMORE, INC | BALTIMORE | MD | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 386 | 73 | $8,760 | $120 | premium | 4.2% | — |
| 47 | VISTA RADIOLOGY, PC | KNOXVILLE | TN | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 68 | 72 | $14,112 | $196 | premium | 8.3% | (865) 546-9484 |
| 48 | FLORIDA HOSPITAL PHYSICIAN GROUP INC | TAMPA | FL | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 891 | 72 | $23,760 | $330 | premium | 2.3% | (813) 615-7075 |
| 49 | MAYO CLINIC JACKSONVILLE | JACKSONVILLE | FL | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 1587 | 70 | $128,471 | $1,835 | premium | 2.3% | (904) 953-2000 |
| 50 | IHC HEALTH SERVICES INC | MURRAY | UT | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 3944 | 70 | $13,849 | $198 | premium | 76.9% | (801) 261-8346 |
| 51 | CENTRAL ILLINOIS RADIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATES LTD | PEORIA | IL | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 196 | 69 | $18,492 | $268 | premium | 4.3% | (309) 655-2000 |
| 52 | MORI BEAN AND BROOKS INC | ORANGE PARK | PA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 947 | 68 | $51,884 | $763 | premium | 8.3% | (904) 399-5550 |
| 53 | ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY RADIOLOGISTS, PC | KNOXVILLE | TN | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 35 | 68 | $12,784 | $188 | premium | 7.8% | (865) 305-9661 |
| 54 | RIVERSIDE RADIOLOGY AND INTERVENTIONAL ASSOCIATES INC | COLUMBUS | OH | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 243 | 65 | $21,515 | $331 | premium | 5.2% | (614) 566-5600 |
| 55 | RADIOLOGY ASSOCIATES LLC | BATON ROUGE | LA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 79 | 65 | $15,740 | $242 | premium | 27.3% | (225) 757-0552 |
| 56 | ALABAMA COASTAL RADIOLOGY PC | MOBILE | AL | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 22 | 64 | $7,680 | $120 | premium | 15.9% | (251) 460-0326 |
| 57 | TOLEDO RADIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATES INC | COLDWATER | OH | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 51 | 64 | $9,716 | $152 | premium | 5.1% | (517) 279-5400 |
| 58 | SPRINGFIELD CLINIC, LLP | SPRINGFIELD | IL | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 686 | 63 | $89,523 | $1,421 | premium | 3.9% | (217) 544-6464 |
| 59 | OSU RADIOLOGY LLC | COLUMBUS | OH | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 174 | 61 | $10,980 | $180 | premium | 4.9% | (614) 293-8315 |
| 60 | NORTHWESTERN MEDICAL FACULTY FOUNDATION | CHICAGO | IL | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 4339 | 60 | $16,740 | $279 | premium | 3.7% | — |
| 61 | SCOTT AND WHITE CLINIC | TEMPLE | TX | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 2435 | 59 | $14,101 | $239 | premium | 3.2% | (254) 724-2663 |
| 62 | BLUE RIDGE RADIOLOGY PC | LYNCHBURG | TN | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 76 | 59 | $8,460 | $143 | premium | 6.8% | (423) 968-1144 |
| 63 | LOYOLA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER | MAYWOOD | IL | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 933 | 59 | $13,688 | $232 | premium | 3.7% | (708) 216-8372 |
| 64 | REGENTS OF THE UNIV OF CA | SACRAMENTO | CA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 1608 | 58 | $17,980 | $310 | premium | 1.6% | (877) 827-7463 |
| 65 | KANSAS UNIVERSITY PHYSICIANS INC | KANSAS CITY | KS | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 1815 | 57 | $7,008 | $123 | premium | 81.4% | (913) 588-1227 |
| 66 | RADIOLOGY IMAGING ASSOCIATES PC | ENGLEWOOD | CO | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 148 | 55 | $11,904 | $216 | premium | 9.9% | (303) 761-9190 |
| 67 | BAY IMAGING CONSULTANTS MEDICAL GROUP INC | WALNUT CREEK | OH | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 134 | 54 | $41,202 | $763 | premium | 4.3% | (925) 947-5320 |
| 68 | DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING ASSOCIATES, P.C. | DES MOINES | IA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 21 | 51 | $9,792 | $192 | premium | 46.4% | (515) 643-2667 |
| 69 | RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL GROUP | CHICAGO | IL | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 1496 | 50 | $8,398 | $168 | premium | 3.1% | (312) 563-2875 |
| 70 | KERN RADIOLOGY MEDICAL GROUP INC | BAKERSFIELD | CA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 87 | 49 | $8,015 | $164 | premium | 1.4% | (661) 616-1458 |
| 71 | HURON VALLEY RADIOLOGY PC | YPSILANTI | MI | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 77 | 49 | $8,353 | $170 | premium | 6.9% | (734) 712-8350 |
| 72 | REGIONAL RADIOLOGY, LLC | COVINGTON | LA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 40 | 47 | $2,630 | $56 | premium | 19.7% | (985) 898-4000 |
| 73 | SOUTH GWINNETT RADIOLOGY PC | SNELLVILLE | GA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 8 | 46 | $9,062 | $197 | premium | 11.3% | (770) 779-2184 |
| 74 | HARVARD MEDICAL FACULTY PHYS AT BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MED CTR INC | BOSTON | MA | INTERNAL MEDICINE | 1689 | 46 | $7,636 | $166 | premium | 7.3% | (781) 983-9088 |
| 75 | FPA HOSPITAL BASED | NEW YORK | NY | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 427 | 45 | $6,480 | $144 | premium | 2.4% | (212) 252-6004 |
| 76 | BAYHEALTH RADIOLOGISTS LLC | DOVER | DE | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 93 | 45 | $7,167 | $159 | premium | 11.6% | (610) 892-8889 |
| 77 | PHOEBE PHYSICIAN GROUP INC | AMERICUS | GA | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 442 | 44 | $8,404 | $191 | premium | 10.8% | (229) 928-2882 |
| 78 | REID PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES INC | RICHMOND | IN | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 392 | 44 | $14,740 | $335 | premium | 7.9% | (765) 962-8551 |
| 79 | RADIANT IMAGING INC | PASADENA | CA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 67 | 43 | $6,880 | $160 | premium | 1.2% | (626) 229-8969 |
| 80 | GUTHRIE MEDICAL GROUP PC | SAYRE | PA | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 804 | 43 | $8,152 | $190 | premium | 5.3% | (570) 888-5858 |
| 81 | UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI PHYSICIANS COMPANY LLC | CINCINNATI | OH | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 1504 | 42 | $6,090 | $145 | premium | 3.4% | (513) 584-1000 |
| 82 | RADIOLOGY ASSOCIATES OF ABILENE PA | ABILENE | TX | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 25 | 42 | $9,450 | $225 | premium | 2.3% | (325) 670-2000 |
| 83 | REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA | SAN DIEGO | CA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 2057 | 41 | $14,115 | $344 | premium | 1.2% | (800) 926-8273 |
| 84 | WEST COUNTY RADIOLOGICAL GROUP INC | SAINT LOUIS | MO | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 104 | 40 | $6,820 | $170 | premium | 6.3% | (314) 941-5600 |
| 85 | RADIOLOGY IMAGING ASSOCIATES OF OAK RIDGE PC | OAK RIDGE | TN | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 18 | 40 | $6,180 | $154 | premium | 4.6% | 86673056192240 |
| 86 | HENRY FORD HEALTH SYSTEM | DETROIT | MI | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 2536 | 40 | $7,760 | $194 | premium | 5.6% | (313) 916-2600 |
| 87 | PRISMA HEALTH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL GROUP | GREENVILLE | SC | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 2447 | 39 | $6,084 | $156 | premium | 7.7% | — |
| 88 | COLUMBUS RADIOLOGY CORP | COLUMBUS | TX | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 288 | 39 | $29,757 | $763 | premium | 2.1% | (614) 228-7231 |
| 89 | ALLEGANY IMAGING PC | CUMBERLAND | MD | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 10 | 39 | $7,878 | $202 | premium | 2.3% | (240) 964-1036 |
| 90 | MCV ASSOCIATED PHYSICIANS | RICHMOND | VA | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 1791 | 39 | $8,463 | $217 | premium | 8.2% | (804) 828-9000 |
| 91 | RIVERSIDE RADIOLOGY MEDICAL GROUP INC | RIVERSIDE | CA | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 43 | 39 | $4,329 | $111 | premium | 1.1% | (951) 788-3400 |
| 92 | BLACKWELL PHYSICIANS, LLC | ROCKVILLE | MD | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 67 | 39 | $5,655 | $145 | premium | 2.3% | (240) 826-6074 |
| 93 | ENDEAVOR HEALTH MEDICAL GROUP | EVANSTON | IL | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 3380 | 38 | $6,536 | $172 | premium | 2.4% | — |
| 94 | SOUTHERN DELAWARE IMAGING ASSOC | LEWES | DE | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 40 | 38 | $5,700 | $150 | premium | 9.8% | (302) 645-3636 |
| 95 | UNIVERSAL RADIOLOGY PARTNERS OF FLORIDA LLC | WELLINGTON | FL | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 15 | 37 | $12,820 | $346 | premium | 1.2% | 5617661300601 |
| 96 | BOONE PHYSICIAN SERVICES LLC | COLUMBIA | MO | PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT | 236 | 37 | $4,440 | $120 | premium | 5.9% | (573) 815-8000 |
| 97 | INTELLIRAD IMAGING LLC | MIAMI | FL | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 61 | 36 | $7,308 | $203 | premium | 1.2% | (305) 854-4400 |
| 98 | SANFORD MEDICAL CENTER FARGO | FARGO | ND | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 1198 | 36 | $5,436 | $151 | premium | 100.0% | (701) 234-2000 |
| 99 | UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA PHYSICIANS GROUP | CHARLOTTESVILLE | VA | NURSE PRACTITIONER | 1704 | 36 | $5,256 | $146 | premium | 7.6% | (434) 924-5959 |
| 100 | OROVILLE HOSPITAL | OROVILLE | WI | DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY | 93 | 36 | $6,948 | $193 | premium | 8.0% | (530) 533-8500 |
Showing the top 100 of 215 groups — the full ranking is part of the market analytics platform — built, not launched yet. Notify me at launch →
*Share of the state's disclosed Medicare-FFS services for the primary code, counted once per clinician. "St" is the state the volume was billed from: a group appears in each state where its clinicians bill Medicare, with that state's volume and share ("City" is the group's registered location). Group figures sum clinicians affiliated with exactly one group; clinicians in several groups are listed in each group's drill-down but not volume-attributed to any single group, so shares reflect attributable volume. See Methods.
Comparing against an all-payer estimate?
These are exact counts from Medicare fee-for-service claims — roughly a third to half of most procedure markets, depending on payer mix. Modeled all-payer databases project the remainder statistically; we publish the audited floor and label it as such. Same market, different denominator. How the numbers reconcile →